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Sunday, August 2, 2009

Closed Captioning Explained

By Adrienne Arno

Closed captioning is the procedure that permits those who are hearing impaired to gain access to the dialogue on television programming by presenting the transcript on the lower third of the screen. The FCC passed the first|initial|original|earliest closed caption ing directive in 1993. This compelled all analog televisions with screens larger than 13 inches sold and/or made in the US contain a built-in decoder to display closed display. Congress became involved several years after with the 1996 decision to demand all video programming distributors including cable TV, broadcasters, and satellite distributors to close caption their programming.

The FCC added to this edict a year later with a explicit transition calendar that forced all distributors to increase|expand the amount of programming that contained captioning.As a final point, in July 2002, the FCC passed a second law requiring digital television receivers to add closed captioning display components.

Being a part of the communications industry while working at the American Movie Company has given me a personal look at the impact these laws have had on most studio productions. One of these effects has been how video and television productions have adapted the use of the teleprompter.

While many professionals recognize why closed captioning is valuable, many people don't realize how the teleprompter plays a key task in the providing of closed captioning to your TV. There are two sections into which closed captioning systems are separated: On-Line systems and Off-Line systems. This is when the teleprompter becomes important.

On-Line captioning is the teleprompter-based solution popular with broadcasters and news stations. In this situation, pre-scripted stories are fed from the newsroom automation system to both the teleprompter and to the closed caption encoder. This data usually does not contain closed caption control codes but rather depends on the encoder inside the screen itself to insert the right codes each time an ASCII carriage return is received.

The regard for this type of system is based on the fact that neither a steno-captioner nor a computer with high-priced software is needed. In most cases, the teleprompter system is already in place and closed captioning can be added for only the cost of the encoder.

Closed captioning is an exciting field that offers many opportunities for both the television broadcaster and the video producer. Hopefully, this introduction will help you to make intelligent decisions should you need to elect a caption service provider, acquire equipment, or offer advice to those who will make these choices.

Those heavily involved in Closed Captioning for multilingual purposes also greatly appreciate the fact that structures are in place to make their job a little easier. - 23812

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